Barrel-liner.



T` SCHERF.

BARREL LINER.

APPLlcATloN man SEPT. 3. 1912.

Patented J une 6, 1916.

[Aff

T. SCHERF.

BARREL LINER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 3, 1912.

I Patented Jun@ .6, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEEIT 2.

WIC/116%' WIT/I/Esazjf /Ar rfi/vra@ UNITED sTATEs PATENTk OFFICE.

THEODORE SCI-IERI', 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T0 THE CLEVELAND-AKRON BAG COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

BARREL-LINER.

Specification of Letters Patent. A

Patented June 6, 1916.

Application led September 3, 1912. Serial No. 718,321.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, THEoDoRE SGHERF, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Barrel-Linersl of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to a lining for use with barrels of the type employed for the storage or transportation of dry granular, pulverized, or powdered material such as sugar, Hour, and the like. The barrel in question is of bilge or rounded shape, and the lining material is preferably of paper. Paper lining for bilge barrels has already been suggested, but diiculty has been eX- perienced in applying the one to the other owing to the brittleness and stiffness of the paper, taken in connection with the awkward shape of the barrel interior.

The objects of the present invention are the provision of a barrel liner of paper or like material which can be more readily applied to the interior of the barrel with which it is to be used than devices of this class heretofore employed, and which will con;Y form more exactly to the shape thereof than other devices, and with less wrinkling, stretching, pulling, or danger of splitting or tearing; the provision of a barrel liner wherein the bottom is already formed and is integral with the sides, whereby the necessity for folding', creasing, smoothing and otherwise treating such bottom after the introduction thereof into the barrelis largely or entirely avoided; the provision of an ar ticle which is convenient in use, economical of production, and satisfactory in operation, while further objects and'advantages will appear as the description proceeds.

Generally speaking, my invention may be defined as consisting of the combinations, constructions, and processes recited in the claims hereto annexed and illustrated in the drawings vaccompanying and forming part hereof, wherein:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a complete liner made in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a. vertical cross sectionalview of a barrel having my improved liner applied thereto; Fig-B is a horizontal crosssectional view upon the line 3 3 of Fig. 2 and looking downwardly; Fig. 4 is a vertical cross sectional view through a forming device whereby my improved liner may be shaped, showing the parts in position to operate upon the paper tube; Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a part of the same mechanism showing the position ofV the'parts immediately after the operation of the dies; and Fig. 6 is a detail view showing the formation of the mandrel and shell whereby the liner is formed.

In constructing my improved lining I take a sheet of paper, preferably but not necessarily, paper that has been softened to render the same pliable, and form the same into a tube by securing the edges of the same together in any suitable manner, as by pasting or gluing the same. The diameter of this tube is made substantially the same as the maximum internal diameter of the barrel which is to be used, and the length thereof is made sufficiently greater than the length of the barrel, measured alongthe curving sides thereof, to provide suflicient material for forming'the two heads of the liner. The diameter of the tube can be slightly greater than that of the barrel, but must certainly be not less. One end of this tube is then formed with a large number of circumferentially spaced, longitudinal flutes or creases, which originate at a point substantially at the middle of the tube and eXtend with progressively increasing depth to the eXtreme end thereof, thus taking up sufficient of the material of the tube wall4 to constrict the same gradually, conformably to the shape of the barrel interior. The end portion of the tube is then folded 1nwardly upon a plane transverse to its axis so as to form a covering for the bottom of the barrel, a piece of thin paper being then glued or pasted to the exterior thereof to hold the same in position. The opposite end of the tube is formed with a plurality of., circumferentially spaced, longitudinal slits or gores to facilitate the folding down of the open end thereof upon the material within the barrel.

Describing the parts by reference characters, 1 represents a substantially cylindrical paper tube having lthe length and diameter hereinbefore described. By the operation of suitable dies one end of this tube is formed with a plurality of circumferentially spaced, longitudinal utes or creases 2-2 which begin at about the middle of the tube and which increase in depth as they approach the end thereof, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. The material. lying between adiacent flutes is preferably left substantially flat as indicated at 3 and each of the flutes or creases is preferably folded over to one side as illustrated in Fig. 3 so as to form substantially a smooth interior for the barrel and to occupy the smallest possible amount o f space.

At a middle of the tube the side walls are folded abruptly inwardly as indicated at 4 so as to form a bottom for the barrel. The flutes 2-2 in the walls 'of the tube are continued in the portion 4-4, but become very much wider at this-point than before owing to the amount of material which must be taken up. Considerable regularity is, however, preferably maintained. In fact the folds upon the end of the liner preferably take a whirled condition as shown at 5, 5, much like that of certain 'well known pocketbooks and tobacco pouches. The length of the tube walls is such as to cause these end portions to overlap each other as indicated at 6 in Figs. 2 and 3. These overlapped portions may be prevented from becoming loosened. or disarranged previous to the insertion of the liner into a barrel by means of a seal 7 of comparatively thin, brittle, or fragile paper pasted upon the exterior substantially central of the bottom end. The portion of the tube above the middle is preferably left substantially cylindrical as shown. at 10, the upper end thereof being gashed or gored longitudinally as at 11-11 to a point separated from the bottom portion 4 of the liner by a distance substantially equal to the height of the barrel measured along the curved inner wall thereof. These gashes or gores define flaps 12 which may be folded inwardly over the contents of the barrel, as will be well understood, thus causing the separate top sections to overlap each other and form a. complete closure. I t will of course, be understood that these flaps are formed merely for convenience and their presence or absence is immaterial to the present invention.

The preferred method of producing my improved liner is illustrated in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawing, although it is to be understood that this illustration is descriptive only of one form of device which may be employed in the -production of `lmy improved liner. In these views 15 represents a transversely circular mandrel having a'.diameter substantially equal to that of the barrel for which liners are to be made, and having one end tapered inwardly as at 16 conformablyto the shape of such barrel. If it be expected that different barrels will vary. in curvature the mandrel is preferably made of maximum point suiiiciently removed from the curvature. This tapered end is formed with a plurality of circumferentially spaced longitudinal grooves 17 each of which has its greatest depth at the extreme end of the mandrel and becomes progressively shallower as it approaches the portion of the mandrel whose diameter is greatest where they entirely disappear. The depth of each of these grooves from point to point is directly proportional to the difference between the circumferential measurement of the mandrel at that point and the circumferential measurement at its point of greatest diameter; in other words, the circumferential measurement of the tapered portion of the mandrel at any point, plus the combined height of the side walls of all the grooves at the same point is substantially equal to the circumference of the mandrel at its point of greatest diameter. Moreover each of the grooves is preferably oblique to the radius of the mandrel as illustrated in Fig. 6 so that the one wall of the groove will make a different angle with the radius than will the other wall. This is for the purpose of imparting to the iutes or creases in the paper a directive tendency ywhich shall facilitate their being folded down flatagainst each other.

In the device illustrated in Fig. 4 of the drawings, the mandrel 15 is mounted vertically with its smaller end upward, and supported in vertically movable fashion there above is a hollow shell 20 whose interior surface conforms substantially to the shape of the tapered portion of the mandrel. In the present embodiment, this shell is illus trated as supported for .vertical movement with its axis coincident with the axis of the mandre1 by being secured to a sleeve member 21 which, in turn, is slidably mounted upon the vertical .shaft 22, the weight of the sleeve and shell bein counter-balanced by means of a counterwelght 23 connected thereto by a chain 24 which passes over a pulley 25 carried by the shaft. Afsecond weight 26 is also illustrated for balancing the tilting effect of the shell 20. The shaft 22 is illustrated as prismatic in cross section and as rotatably journaled at top and bottom as shown at 27. The shaft is also shown as provided with an arm 2S adapted to engage a fixed stop 29 which serves to define the position. of alinement between the shell and the mandrel.

The interior of the shell is provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced, longitudinal ribs 30 equal in number to the grooves 17 and complementa-ry in shape thereto. These ribs have their minimum height at the larger end of the shell and increase in height toward the smaller end similarly to the grooves 17. All projecting edges of the ribs and grooves are carefully rounded so that tearing of the paper muy be avoided. The larger end of the shell 20 also preferably terminates in a flared portion 31, the purpose o-f which will be explained hereafter.

inthe operation of making one of my improved barrel liners, a previously pasted tube 1 of the proper size and length is applied to the mandrel 15 so as to project therebeyond as shown in Fig. l. The pivoted arrangement of the shaft 22 permits the sleeve 2O to be turned to one side during this operation. The sleeve 20 is now brought into alinement with the mandrel, this operation in the present instance being facilitated by the engagement of the arm 28 and stop 29, after which the sleeve is forced longitudinally upon the mandrel to the position shown in Fig. 5. The flared portion 31 of the sleeve causes the tube to be guided intol the .interior thereof without crushing or catching, after which the ribs 30 and grooves 17 coperate to flute the sides of the tube longitudinally as shown at 2a in Fig. 5. The upper end of the sleeve 20 being open, the constricted end of the tube will project freely thereabove, as shown at 4 in Fig. 5. rfhe operator now folds inwardly the portion fia by hand, the creases already made therein greatly facilitating this operation, and applies to the folded portion a seal 7 of thin, comparatively frangible fabric, such as tissue paper. rlhe sleeve 20 is now displaced, after which the completed li-ner can be removed. The gores or slashes 11-11 can be formed either before or after forming the opposite end of the liner, but are preferably formed before, because of the greater ease of handling the article previous to forming the bottom end thereof.

For purposes of transportation these liners may be either nested or folded or a combination'of nesting and folding may be employed. lf they be folded they are best folded otherwise than across the circular bottoms thereof so as not to disengage the creases therein. They can easily beintroduced into the barrels, owing to their flexibility, whereupon the lower halves will promptly assume thedesired shape, while the upper part can be reached with sufficient ease to permit of them to be smoothed into place by hand. Reference has already been made to the fact that the lower ends of the liners are made with a curvature equal to that of the most-curved barrels. In case 'the internal diameter of the barrel at its is, therefore, important that the material of.

the seal 7 be weaker than that of the liner,

since otherwise the liner will burst and much of its advantage be lost. The overlapping solely because of its clearness ofl disclosure and not beca-use it is the only arrangement which could be employed.

Furthermore, while l have necessarily described my invention in detail, it will be understood that intend to claim the same with all the breadth whichmay be permitted by the condition of the prior art and without restricting myself to such details except as specifically recited in the claims.

Having thus described my invention. what l claim is:

1. A liner for bilge barrels, comprising a tube of paper or like material having its end formed with a plurality of circumferentially spaced, longitudinally extending flutesA or creases, whereby its diameter is constricted, each of said flutes or creases originate.

ing substantially at the middle of `the tube .form continuations of the creases in the walls of the tube.

2. A liner for bilge barrels, comprising -a tube of paper or Ilike material having its end formed with a plurality of circumferentially spaced, longitudinal iiutes or creases, whereby its diameter is-const'ricted, the extremity of such creased or fluted portion being folded inwardly upon a plane substantially transverse to the axis of the tube and such folded portion being traversed by creases which form continuations of the creases in the walls of the tube, the creases in such folded portion being of greater' wirll'lth than the creases or fiutes in the tube wa 3. A liner for bilge barrels, comprising a tube of paper or like material having its end formed with a plurality of circumferentially spaced, longitudinally extending flutes cr creases, whereby its diameter is constricted, each of said flutes or creases originating substantially at the middle of the tube and increasing in depth as it approaches the end thereof` whereby said tube is constricted substantially inconformity to the shape of tially transverse to a bilge barrel, the extremity of such creased or fluted portion being folded inwardly upon a plane substantially transverse to-the axis of the tube and such folded portion being traversed by creases which form continuations of the creases in the walls ofthe tube, the creases in such folded portion being whirledn Y 4. A liner for bilge barrels, comprising a tube of paper or like material having its end formed with a plurality of circumferentially spaced, longitudinal flutes or creases, whereby 4its diameter is constricted, the extremity of such creased or fluted portion being 'folded inwardly upon a plane substanthe aXis of the tube and such folded portion being traversed b-y creases which form continuations of the creases in the walls of the tube, and a seal of paper or like fabric aiixed to the face of such folded portion and overlapping the ends thereof.

5. A liner for bilge barrels, comprising a tube of paper or like material having its end formed with a plurality of circumferentially spaced, longitudinal liutes or creases, whereby its diameter is constricted, the extremity of such creased or luted portion being folded inwardly upon a plane sub- V stantially transverse to the axis of the tube and such folded portion being traversed by creases which form Vcontinuations of the creases in the walls of the tube, the length of each of said folded portions being-greater than the half diameter of the barrel head, whereby they will overlap each other.

6. A liner for bilge barrels, comprising a tube of paper or like material having its end formed with a plurality of circumferentially spaced, longitudinally extending flutes or creases, whereby its diameter is constricted, each of said iiutes or creases originating substantially at the middle of .the tube and increasing in depth as it approaches the end thereof, whereby said tube is constricted substantially in conformity to the shape of a bilge barrel, the extremity of such creased or luted portion being folded inwardly upon a plane substantially transverse to the meshes axis of the tube so as to form a covering for the barrel head, the length of each of said folded portions being greater thanthe half of the barrel and in diameter to substan tially the maximum. internal diameter of such barrel, an integral portion at one end .of said cylindrical portion formed with circumferentially spaced, longitudinally extending lutes or creases whose depth in creases as they recede from said cylindrical portion whereby the diameter of said liner is decreased conformably to the shape of a bilge barrel, a, bottom formed by folding inwardly the ends of said iiuted portion, and spaced flaps carried by the opposite end of said cylindrical portion for forming the head of the liner.

8. A liner for bilge barrels or like containers, comprising a tube of paper or like material having a cylindrical portion equal in length to substantially half the height of the barrel and in diameter to substantially the maximum internal diameter of such barrel, an integral portion. at one end of said cylindrical portion formed with-circumferentially spaced longitudinally extending vflutes or creases whose depth increases as they recede from saidcylindrical portion whereby the diameter of said liner is decreased conformably to the shape of a bilge barrel, a bottom formed by folding inwardly the ends of said uted portion, and a frangible seal affixed to the center of said bottom and yieldingly securing said folded portions together.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aliix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

' l THEODORE SCHERR Witnesses:

BRENNAN B. WEST, HAROLD E. SMITH. 

